ӰԺ

Robot
Innovation culture

Robotic precision for advanced radiotherapy

How advanced automation enables pinpoint-accurate radiotherapy of cancer – powered by in-house innovation.
Nina Terp
Published on June 27, 2025
Modern radiotherapy systems are marvels of precision. They can steer beams of electrons or photons precisely at tumors, minimizing damage to healthy tissue. This work demands components manufactured with the same level of accuracy – and the advanced facilities to produce them. At its Kemnath site in Germany, Siemens Healthineers has achieved just that. A small but powerful technological leap is making a big impact: An expert team has managed to tame one of the hardest metals on Earth – and make it available for fully automated production. The result? A direct benefit for cancer patients around the globe.
Tungsten is as hard as diamond, as dense as gold, and not easy to work with. “But those same properties make it invaluable for modern radiotherapy,” explains project lead and engineer Philipp Mayer. At the Kemnath site, Mayer and his team use tungsten to manufacture what are known as “leafs” – used in the Varian radiotherapy systems of Siemens Healthineers. 


“These movable lamellae made of tungsten are the core of every multi-leaf collimator,” Mayer says. The leaves are only a few millimeters thick – partially ultra-thin and exceptionally challenging to process. “The more precise our components are, the more accurate the treatment of a tumor can be,” Mayer adds. “A treatment beam alone can’t save a life. But with the right tools, we can guide it exactly where it needs to go – and that makes all the difference.”

The multi-leaf collimator shapes the radiation beam to match the outline of a tumor, like a stencil made of metal.
Since February 2025, the Kemnath team has been manufacturing these vital components on a new, fully automated and digitized manufacturing line – delivering consistently high quality at three times the previous output. 

One of the toughest challenges was figuring out how to securely hold clamp the tungsten parts throughout the fully automated manufacturing and handling process. It took a smart, custom-engineered solution – developed entirely in-house – to make it work. “Our solution was key,” says Mayer. “It’s what made the entire automated processing of tungsten leafs possible.”

In addition, the robotics-assisted system automatically detects any deviations and halts the process if needed – even during “ghost shifts,” such as unmanned night or weekend runs. 

The traceability offers for complete transparency: Each component receives a so-called Data Matrix Code – a kind of digital fingerprint. With it, one can trace exactly when the component was manufactured, which machine and tools were used, who inspected it, what tolerances it meets, and even which system it was installed in. Years down the line, this detailed production data can still be retrieved – making it possible to reproduce specific parts more quickly or accelerate repairs when needed. “This level of digitalization gives us a tremendous boost in quality,” says Mayer. “And ultimately, it serves a very human goal: patient safety.”

A data matrix code works like a mini QR code. It stores a lot of information in a tiny space, using a pattern of black and white squares.

Rainer Häupl

For the Kemnath team, this isn’t just a technical milestone – it’s the result of years of collaboration and mutual trust between the mechanical engineering experts onsite and Varian, which joined the Siemens Healthineers family in 2021. The new production line is also one of the largest investments within the site’s €60 million technology upgrade.


By Nina Terp

Nina Terp is an science journalist based in Germany. She is captivated by people and technology working for the greater good.